Survived Died Total
Female 308 154 462
Male 142 709 851
Total 450 863 1,313
Survived Died Total Odds
Female 308 154 462 2 to 1 against
Male 142 709 851 4.993 to 1 in favor
Total 450 863 1,313
Odds ratio = 4.993 / 0.5 = 9.986
Survived Died Total Probability
Female 308 154 462 0.3333
Male 142 709 851 0.8331
Total 450 863 1,313
Relative risk = 0.8331 / 0.3333 = 2.5
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0.8 (4/5) 1.25 (5/4)
0.75 (3/4) 1.33 (4/3)
0.67 (2/3) 1.50 (3/2)
0.50 (1/2) 2.00 (2/1)
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Cancer cases Controls Total
Balding 72 82 154
Hairy 55 57 112
Total 129 139 268
Heart disease Healthy Total
Balding 127 (9.4%) 1,224 (90.6%) 1,351
Hairy 548 (6.7%) 7,611 (93.3%) 8,159
Total 675 8,835 9,510
Children No children Total
Epilepsy 232 (40%) 354 (60%) 586
Control 79 (72%) 30 (28%) 109
Total 311 384 695
No cath Cath Total
Male patient 34 (9.4%) 326 (90.6%) 360
Female patient 55 (15.3%) 305 (84.7%) 360
Total 89 631 720
Continued bf Stopped bf Total
Treatment 19 (37.3%) 32 (62.7%) 51
Control 5 (8.8%) 52 (91.2%) 57
Total 24 84 108